Правилата на Инкотермс 2020 предоставят насоки на компаниите да позволят търговия за продажба на стоки. Инкотермс означава „Международни търговски условия“.

Правилата на Инкотермс 2020 се използват по целия свят в международните транзакции. Incoterms дават ясни насоки на продавача и купувачите относно разходите, риска и отговорностите, докато извършват международни търговски транзакции.

Инкотермс

  • EXW – От завода
  • FCA
  • FAS – Франко по продължение на борда на кораба
  • FOB – Франко борд на кораба
  • CFR – Стойност и фрахт
  • CIF – Стойност, застраховане, фрахт
  • CIP – Фрахт/заплащане на превоза и застраховката до
  • CPT
  • DDP – Доставено със заплащане на митото
  • DAP
  • DPU

Приложения

  • Доставяне
  • Продажби
  • Логистиката

Международната търговска камара публикува Incoterms. Incoterms са набор от правила и насоки, които помагат на търговците по света да работят заедно и да имат общо разбиране.

 




Видове транспорт

Транспорт по море и по вътрешни водни пътища


Група
Incoterm
Продавач / Купувач
описание
E
EXW | Ex Works

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when seller places goods at Buyer's disposal at named place
- Buyer loads goods onto collecting vehicle
- Buyer pays transport - Buyer responsible for export where applicable
- If no specific point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
- Minimum seller obligation
- Best used for domestic/ Intra-trading bloc contracts
F
FCA | Free Carrier

Видове транспорт
Опция 1
Option 1 @ Seller's premises


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Buyer arranges and pays transport (including risk). Seller supports only if necessary (without cost and risk).
- Seller responsible for Export + Buyer responsible for import, where applicable.
- If no specific point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
- If an on-board Bill of Lading needed (e.g. under a LC), parties can agree under rule A6/B6;
a) Buyer will request carrier to issue on-board BL to the seller and
b) Seller will then tender such on-board BL to the Buyer.

Опция 2
Option 2 @ Another place or "named place"


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
Same as above. The named place is not the seller's premises. The goods are delivered ; when the goods are loaded on the seller's transport, ready for unloading from the seller's transport and/or at the availability of the carrier nominated by the buyer
F
FAS | Free Alongside Ship

Транспорт по море и по вътрешни водни пътища


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when goods are place alongside vessel at port of shipment.
- Buyer pays transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- If no specific loading point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
F
FOB | Free On Board

Транспорт по море и по вътрешни водни пътища


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when goods are placed on board vessel at port of shipment.
- Buyer pays transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- If no specific loading point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose".
- For goods in containers, consider using FCA instead.
C
CPT | Carriage Paid To

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Places (or points) of delivery and destination. Two locations are important.
- Delivery / Risk transfers when Seller hands goods to carrier. Seller pays for transport, but does not have transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

C
CIP | Carriage and Insurance Paid To

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове
Застраховка

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Places (or points) of delivery and destination. Two locations are important.
- Delivery / Risk transfers when Seller hands goods to carrier. Seller pays for transport, but does not have transport risk.
- Seller contracts for "all risks" cover insurance against Buyer's transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

C
CFR | Cost and Freight

Транспорт по море и по вътрешни водни пътища


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery (and transfer of risk) when Seller hands good over to carrier, but seller pays for transport, without bearing transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable

C
CIF | Cost Insurance and Freight

Транспорт по море и по вътрешни водни пътища


Разходи
Рискове
Застраховка

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery (and transfer of risk) when Seller hands good over to carrier, but seller pays for transport, without bearing transport risk.
- Seller contracts for minimum cover insurance against Buyer´s transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; buyer responsible for import where applicable

D
DAP | Delivered at

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when Seller places the goods at Buyer's disposal not unloaded on arriving means of transport at named place of destination.
- Seller pays for transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

D
DPU | Delivered at Place Unloaded

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when Seller unloads the goods from arriving transportation and places them at buyer´s disposal at named place of destination.
- Seller pays for transport
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suit its purpose.

D
DDP | Delivered Duty Paid

Видове транспорт


Разходи
Рискове

Формалности за износ Формалности при внос
- Delivery when Seller places the goods, cleared for import, at Buyer´s disposal not unloaded on arriving means of transport at named place.
- Seller pays for transport
- Seller responsible for export and import, where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

 

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