Peraturan Incoterms 2020 menyediakan panduan kepada syarikat untuk membolehkan perdagangan untuk penjualan barangan. Incoterms bermaksud “Syarat Komersial Antarabangsa”.

Peraturan Incoterms 2020 digunakan di seluruh dunia dalam urus niaga antarabangsa. Incoterms memberikan panduan yang jelas kepada penjual dan pembeli tentang kos, risiko dan tanggungjawab semasa melakukan transaksi perdagangan antarabangsa.

Incoterms

  • EXW
  • FCA
  • CPT
  • CIP
  • DAP
  • DDP
  • FAS
  • FOB
  • CFR
  • CIF

Permohonan

  • Perolehan
  • Jualan
  • Logistik

Dewan Perdagangan Antarabangsa menerbitkan Incoterms. Incoterms ialah satu set peraturan dan garis panduan yang membantu perdagangan di seluruh dunia untuk bekerjasama dan mempunyai pemahaman yang sama.

 




Semua mod pengangkutan

Pengangkutan laut dan sungai


Kumpulan
Incoterm
Penjual / Pembeli
Penerangan
E
EXW | Ex Works

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when seller places goods at Buyer's disposal at named place
- Buyer loads goods onto collecting vehicle
- Buyer pays transport - Buyer responsible for export where applicable
- If no specific point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
- Minimum seller obligation
- Best used for domestic/ Intra-trading bloc contracts
F
FCA | Free Carrier

Semua mod pengangkutan
Pilihan 1
Option 1 @ Seller's premises


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Buyer arranges and pays transport (including risk). Seller supports only if necessary (without cost and risk).
- Seller responsible for Export + Buyer responsible for import, where applicable.
- If no specific point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
- If an on-board Bill of Lading needed (e.g. under a LC), parties can agree under rule A6/B6;
a) Buyer will request carrier to issue on-board BL to the seller and
b) Seller will then tender such on-board BL to the Buyer.

Pilihan 2
Option 2 @ Another place or "named place"


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
Same as above. The named place is not the seller's premises. The goods are delivered ; when the goods are loaded on the seller's transport, ready for unloading from the seller's transport and/or at the availability of the carrier nominated by the buyer
F
FAS | Free Alongside Ship

Pengangkutan laut dan sungai


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when goods are place alongside vessel at port of shipment.
- Buyer pays transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- If no specific loading point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose"
F
FOB | Free On Board

Pengangkutan laut dan sungai


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when goods are placed on board vessel at port of shipment.
- Buyer pays transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- If no specific loading point named by Buyer, Seller may select point "that best suits its purpose".
- For goods in containers, consider using FCA instead.
C
CPT | Carriage Paid To

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Places (or points) of delivery and destination. Two locations are important.
- Delivery / Risk transfers when Seller hands goods to carrier. Seller pays for transport, but does not have transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

C
CIP | Carriage and Insurance Paid To

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko
Insurans

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Places (or points) of delivery and destination. Two locations are important.
- Delivery / Risk transfers when Seller hands goods to carrier. Seller pays for transport, but does not have transport risk.
- Seller contracts for "all risks" cover insurance against Buyer's transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

C
CFR | Cost and Freight

Pengangkutan laut dan sungai


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery (and transfer of risk) when Seller hands good over to carrier, but seller pays for transport, without bearing transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable

C
CIF | Cost Insurance and Freight

Pengangkutan laut dan sungai


Kos
Risiko
Insurans

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery (and transfer of risk) when Seller hands good over to carrier, but seller pays for transport, without bearing transport risk.
- Seller contracts for minimum cover insurance against Buyer´s transport risk.
- Seller responsible for export; buyer responsible for import where applicable

D
DAP | Delivered at

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when Seller places the goods at Buyer's disposal not unloaded on arriving means of transport at named place of destination.
- Seller pays for transport.
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

D
DPU | Delivered at Place Unloaded

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when Seller unloads the goods from arriving transportation and places them at buyer´s disposal at named place of destination.
- Seller pays for transport
- Seller responsible for export; Buyer responsible for import where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suit its purpose.

D
DDP | Delivered Duty Paid

Semua mod pengangkutan


Kos
Risiko

Prosedur eksport Prosedur import
- Delivery when Seller places the goods, cleared for import, at Buyer´s disposal not unloaded on arriving means of transport at named place.
- Seller pays for transport
- Seller responsible for export and import, where applicable.
- Where no specific point at the named place of destination is agreed or determined by practice, Seller may select the point at named place of destination that best suits its purpose.

 

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